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Beyond Investment: Why the Next Decade of EU–Nigeria Relationship Must Deliver Green Industrialisation

Recently, policymakers, investors and business leaders from Nigeria and Europe gathered in Lagos for the 10th Nigeria–EU Business Forum. For decades, the relationship between Nigeria and the European Union has evolved considerably from development cooperation to trade facilitation, institutional reforms, and climate partnerships.

Despite Europe being one of Nigeria’s most important economic partners, one uncomfortable reality remains that Nigeria still exports raw materials and imports higher-value manufactured products in large quantities. Therefore, the central question is no longer whether Nigeria and Europe should deepen economic cooperation; rather, it is whether this age long partnership can finally move from these declarations to implementation.

Across Africa, governments are increasingly embracing green industrialization as a pathway to economic development. Rather than viewing climate action as a constraint, many countries now see it as an opportunity to attract investment, strengthen manufacturing, expand regional trade, and create jobs.

Nigeria is currently advancing its Energy Transition Plan, finalizing a Green Industrial Growth Strategy through combination of policies, expanding renewable energy investments, promoting electric mobility, and positioning itself as a manufacturing hub under the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). However, one can rightfully state that Nigeria’s challenge is not the absence of ambition but implementation gap. This is where the EU-Nigeria partnership must evolve to address longstanding challenge.

The European Union’s recent commitment of more than €560 million announced between the 8th EU- Nigeria Ministerial Meeting in March and the Nigeria -EU Business Forum in June, to support digital infrastructure, green enterprise development, and the Lagos Omi Eko Project underscores Europe’s growing confidence in Nigeria’s development potential and commitment to advancing sustainable, climate-resilient growth. The next decade cannot be defined by discussions about investment opportunities alone, it must focus on building the institutions, market mechanisms, and industrial ecosystems capable of translating capital into productive transformation. Therefore, three strategic priorities deserve urgent attention at this time and remain at the core of the Lagos Business forum outcomes:

First, Nigeria and the European Union should negotiate a Clean Trade and Investment Partnership (CTIP). Following its first Clean Trade and Investment Partnership with South Africa, Nigeria should become the second African country to benefit from such an arrangement through the EU’s strategic Trade and Investment Dialogue (TID) and the Global Gateway. A Nigeria EU CTIP could focus on renewable energy technologies, battery manufacturing, electric mobility, sustainable fuels, transmission infrastructure, agro-processing, circular economy industries, and low-carbon industrial production. More importantly, it would provide a coherent implementation architecture rather than the fragmented approach that often characterizes development cooperation.

Second, Nigeria should establish a Green Industrial Compact. One of the most promising innovations emerging from Africa’s energy transition efforts is the use of National Energy Compacts under Mission 300. These compacts clearly identify investment needs, policy reforms, implementation milestones, and financing responsibilities while creating transparency and accountability for investors and governments alike. It is highly recommended that Nigeria adapts this model to industrialization.

A Green Industrial Compact would publicly identify priority sectors, infrastructure requirements, financing gaps, regulatory reforms, and measurable targets for implementation. Such a framework would significantly improve investor confidence while helping development finance institutions and private investors align behind a common national vision for sustainable development.

Third, both partners must move beyond investment promotion and address market access and partnership through long-term offtake arrangements. One of the least discussed barriers to green industrialization is the absence of predictable demand. Europe can help address this challenge by supporting long-term purchasing arrangements for Nigerian green industrial products, including battery components, green fertilizers, processed agricultural goods, sustainable aviation fuels, renewable energy equipment, and other low-carbon products. Such arrangements would provide the certainty required to unlock private investment at scale.

Another area where cooperation could be transformative is electricity infrastructure. For decades, inadequate transmission and distribution systems have  constrained   Nigeria’s industrial potential. Europe and Nigeria should therefore launch a Green Grid Partnership (GGP) focused on financing, manufacturing, and deploying transmission infrastructure, transformers, storage systems, and grid technologies. This is on the backdrop that without reliable electricity, industrialization will remain an aspiration rather than an outcome.

To conclude, the global race for green industrial competitiveness is accelerating.  Europe is introducing new industrial policies, including the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and emerging industrial preference frameworks designed to strengthen industrial competitiveness and strategic autonomy. These measures can become fair and transparent drivers of global decarbonization if properly designed. Therefore, this is not a call for exemptions for Nigeria, but for partnerships built on mutual benefit. Nigeria should work with the EU to ensure that CBAM supports industrial decarbonization, local value addition, technology transfer, and competitive market access for Nigerian green industrial products. That is why the next phase of EU-Nigeria cooperation should focus less on negotiating access to markets and more on jointly building the industrial capabilities that allow Nigerian firms to compete successfully in those markets.

Nigeria cannot afford another decade of unrealised potential. The legitimacy of the Nigeria-EU partnership over the next decade will not be measured by investment announcements; it will be measured by factories built, technologies transferred, skills developed, and jobs created – this is the ultimate scorecard that both sides will be measured.

Gboyega Olorunfemi is a Senior Research Associate, Centre for Climate Change and Development. He is co-coordinator of the Africa–Europe Platform for Sustainable Development Thinkers (Ukȧmȧ) and is co-author of Green Industrialization Priorities in Africa and Partnership Opportunities with Europe

Governor Mbah Pitches Enugu to Global Climate Investors in London

London, United Kingdom — Governor Peter Mbah has presented Enugu State as one of Africa’s emerging destinations for climate investment, calling on global investors, development finance institutions, philanthropies, and climate funds to partner with the state in delivering a new generation of green growth and climate-resilient development projects.

Speaking during the Nigeria Climate Investment Showcase held on the sidelines of London Climate Action Week (LCAW), Governor Mbah said Enugu was deliberately positioning itself to become a leading subnational destination for climate finance and sustainable investment in Africa.

Represented at the event by the and other senior officials of the state’s climate leadership team led by Secretary to the State Government Professor Chidiebere Onyia, the governor highlighted the significant institutional reforms already undertaken by the administration to create an enabling environment for climate investment.

“Climate finance increasingly flows to projects that are large enough to matter, politically supported, institutionally credible, and capable of generating measurable economic and social benefits. Enugu is building exactly these conditions,” the governor stated.

London Climate Action Week, one of the world’s largest independent climate events, brings together governments, investors, businesses, cities, and civil society leaders to accelerate climate action and mobilize investment for the transition to low-carbon and climate-resilient development.

Governor Mbah noted that Enugu has moved aggressively in recent years to establish the institutional foundations required to attract international climate finance. These include the enactment of a state climate law, the creation of a dedicated Ministry of Environment and Climate Change, the development of the Enugu State Climate Change Policy and Action Plan, investments in clean transport systems, urban greening initiatives, and the construction of smart green schools powered by rooftop solar systems.

The governor identified five major investment opportunities that the state is currently prioritising.

The first is an integrated waste-to-energy programme designed to tackle urban waste challenges while reducing methane emissions, generating employment, improving public health, and producing energy and compressed natural gas for the state’s growing clean transport sector. The programme is expected to benefit from growing international interest in methane reduction projects and carbon markets.

The second priority is the transition toward clean urban mobility. Building on ongoing investments in electric buses and planned compressed natural gas transportation systems, the state is seeking partnerships to expand CNG bus fleets, charging infrastructure, e-tricycles, integrated transport systems, and sustainable mobility corridors.

Governor Mbah also highlighted opportunities in climate-smart agriculture and rural resilience, noting that such investments simultaneously address food security, climate adaptation, livelihoods, and youth and women’s empowerment.

Other priority areas include green industrial and climate-resilient economic zones featuring solar-powered industrial parks, sustainable manufacturing, green logistics, and climate-resilient infrastructure that align with the administration’s economic transformation agenda. The governor further emphasised the importance of clean cooking initiatives, which offer significant health, environmental, and social benefits, particularly for women and vulnerable households.

To strengthen investor confidence, the state has also developed a Climate Investment Plan that identifies priority projects, financing requirements, implementation responsibilities, and potential sources of funding. In addition, plans are underway to establish a Climate Finance and Carbon Markets Unit to support project preparation, business case development, investor engagement, and climate finance tracking. The state is also strengthening its climate data, monitoring, reporting, and verification systems to meet international standards.

Observers at the London event noted that subnational governments are increasingly becoming important actors in global climate action, with investors showing growing interest in states and cities that can demonstrate political commitment, institutional capacity, and bankable project pipelines.

For Enugu, Governor Mbah said the climate agenda is not simply about environmental protection but about economic transformation, job creation, energy access, improved public health, food security, and building resilience for future generations.

“As we build the future of Enugu, climate action and economic development will go hand in hand. We are inviting global partners to work with us in delivering projects that improve lives, create jobs, and build a prosperous and sustainable future for our people.”

The event was attended by global climate investors, project developers, policy makers, and technology companies who all declared keen interest to partner with Enugu to drive sustainable economic transformation in Enugu.

Other members of the delegation from Enugu State include Professor Chukwumerije Okereke, SPA on Climate Policy and Sustainable Development and Ms Sandra Gerge, SPA on Revenue.

The participation of Enugu State at London Climate Action Week further reinforces the administration’s commitment to positioning the state as a leading destination for climate finance, green investment, and sustainable development in Nigeria and across Africa.

Raising New Generation of Green Ambassadors: The SPP Model for Advancing Climate Education in Nigeria

The climate crisis has often been described as a race against time, but it is also a race against ignorance. Too many people still lack a clear understanding of the causes of climate change, its real-life consequences, and the practical solutions available to slow its impact. Since climate change is fundamentally a human-induced crisis, addressing it requires changes in human behaviour, and behavioural change begins with awareness.

Prof. Chukwumerije Okereke, handing out the Climate Education Manual to Students at the Manual Launch

In recognition of this, The Society for Planet and Prosperity (SPP) developed a Climate Education Manual, a long-term resource, designed for schools to equip teachers and students with the knowledge and tools to understand climate science and promote sustainable living. The manual was co-created with students, teachers and education stakeholders, and officially unveiled in March 2025, with support from the University of Bristol, UK. The goal was not merely to publish a document, but to institutionalize climate literacy among the younger generation.
Following the unveiling of the climate education manual, SPP commenced a series of climate education engagements, taking the message directly to students through school outreaches, interactive learning sessions, and tree-planting exercises that connect climate knowledge with practical environmental stewardship. SPP has reached over 20, 000 students across 70 schools

Interactive session with Students in Yola, Adamawa State

In recognition of the critical role that teachers play in shaping young minds, and the need to ensure that accurate climate knowledge is effectively passed on to future generations, SPP expanded the initiative through capacity-building programmes for teachers. Working in partnership with education authorities, the organisation equipped teachers with the knowledge and resources needed to serve as climate education multipliers, integrating climate education into classroom learning

In Abuja, SPP worked with the Secondary Education Board to begin the training of teachers across the Federal Capital Territory, starting with schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC). Also, SPP entered into a strategic partnership with DCR Ambassadors to train teachers, with a focus on the North East, beginning with Adamawa as a pilot state. The programme was a six-month climate education effort for junior and senior secondary school teachers in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe States respectively.

Tree planting campaign with students of Community Secondary School Edem, Enugu StateBy 2026, this capacity building model for educators had matured into deeper state-level engagements. In Enugu State, SPP worked with the Office of the First Lady and the Office of the Senior Adviser to the Governor on Climate Policy and Sustainable Development to train 40 Climate Champions on the use of the Climate Education Manual, with support from UNICEF, Enugu Field Office. These climate Champions are expected to drive a pilot climate education campaign in selected secondary schools across Enugu State.

This capacity-building campaign was also extended to young Nigerians serving under the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC). In Abuja, SPP took the climate education campaign to the NYSC orientation camp in Kubwa, presenting climate change not as a distant policy issue but as a practical challenge that young Nigerians will inherit and help solve. Beyond introducing Corps Members to the fundamentals of climate change, the engagement highlighted the growing importance of green skills in an evolving global economy. Over 4,000 youth corpers and officials were exposed to emerging opportunities in sustainability and the broader green economy, helping them to see climate action not only as a responsibility, but also as a pathway for innovation, entrepreneurship, and employment.

Climate awareness engagement with Youth Corps members at the NYSC Orientation Camp, Kubwa, Abuja

Most recently, the organisation has focused on sustainability through school-based green clubs. In Abuja, SPP collaborated with Army Day Secondary School, Mogadishu Cantonment, to strengthen Green Environment Clubs as part of the World Environment Day 2026 outreach. The programme increased students’ interest, attended by over 100 participants, led to the establishment of a new club, and helped refine the club’s action areas around composting, recycling, open-burning reduction, and afforestation. The engagement opened further opportunities for the students, including an invitation to participate in the Nigeria Youth Climate Summit.

Climate awareness engagement with Youth Corps Members in NYSC, Orientation Camp, Kubwa, Abuja

The real significance of SPP’s climate education campaign lies not only in the number of people reached, but in the structures and systems it is helping to build for the future. A trained teacher carries climate knowledge into the classroom year after year. A climate champion takes the message into communities. A green club turns awareness into everyday practice, and together, they demonstrate that climate education is most effective when it moves beyond information-sharing to become embedded in the institutions and people that shape society for sustainable development.

In a climate conversation often dominated by finance, technology and infrastructure, SPP’s Climate Education Initiative is a reminder that lasting change also depends on educating and creating awareness to engage people, especially teens and children, to understand the climate and environmental challenge and be equipped to respond to it. SPP is determined to carry on with these far-reaching climate education campaign across Nigeria to build awareness and inspire action among its teeming young population for sustainable development.

Timothy Ogenyi,
Senior Policy Analyst, SPP

Ugochukwu Uzuegbu,
Communications Specialist, SPP

World Environment Day: Students Plant Trees in Enugu, Nsukka for Environmental Sustainability

In commemoration of World Environment Day 2026, students from 20 selected schools across Enugu and Nsukka in Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria, participated in a series of tree-planting and environmental awareness activities designed to promote climate action, environmental sustainability, and responsible stewardship of natural resources.

The students are the current beneficiaries of the pilot phase of the ongoing climate education campaign in Enugu State titled “Rooted in Action Growing Green Generation,” an initiative spearheaded by the Office of the Senior Adviser to the Governor of Enugu State on Climate Policy and Sustainable Development in collaboration with the Office of the First Lady of Enugu State, the Enugu State Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environment and Climate Change, with funding support from UNICEF Enugu Field Office.

The campaign aligns with the 2026 World Environment Day theme, “Inspired by Nature. For Climate. For our Future” which focuses on urgent climate action, emphasising the role of nature-based solutions and healthy ecosystems in climate resilience.

The programme also reflects the UNFCCC’s Action for Climate Empowerment (ACE) agenda, which seeks to empower youth engagement through climate education and public participation, inspiring young people to adopt environmentally responsible behaviours and become advocates for sustainable practices within their schools, homes, and communities.

A major highlight of the event was the planting of ornamental and economic trees within the school premises, which will serve as a practical demonstration of climate action and a constant reminder of the importance of environmental restoration for sustainable growth and economic development.

Trees play a critical role in combating climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, improving air quality, conserving biodiversity, preventing soil erosion, regulating local temperatures, and enhancing the resilience of communities to environmental shocks.

Speaking on the significance of the initiative, Prof. Chukwumerije Okereke, Senior Adviser to the Enugu State Governor on Climate Policy and Sustainable Development, emphasised that environmental sustainability remains a key component of the development agenda of the administration of Barr. Peter Ndubuisi Mbah.

Represented by Mr. Elochukwu Anieze, Prof. Okereke said, “Empowering young people with climate knowledge and engaging them in practical environmental activities is one of the most effective ways to build a generation that is environmentally conscious, innovative, and committed to sustainable development. Our goal is to nurture young champions who will not only understand the urgency of climate action but also lead it in their schools, communities, and beyond.”

The Office of the First Lady of Enugu State’s collaboration further reaffirmed its commitment to initiatives that promote environmental protection, youth development, and community resilience.

The programme highlighted the importance of nurturing environmental responsibility among students, recognising them as future leaders and critical stakeholders in the fight against climate change.

The Enugu State Ministry of Environment and Climate Change also underscored the importance of collective action in addressing environmental challenges in its remark.

The Ministry encouraged students to serve as ambassadors of environmental sustainability by promoting proper waste management, reducing plastic use, protecting natural resources, and supporting tree-planting efforts in their communities.

During the programme, students participated in interactive sessions on climate change, environmental conservation, sustainable lifestyles, and the importance of protecting ecosystems.

The conversations reinforced the message that every individual has a role to play in safeguarding the environment, and that small actions, when multiplied across communities, can lead to significant and lasting impact.

The organisers called for sustained engagement beyond World Environment Day, stressing that environmental protection is a continuous responsibility that requires the collective efforts of government, development partners, educational institutions, communities, and citizens.